Rouben Mamoulian (1897, in Tbilisi - 1987) was one of the greatest stage and film directors of the 20th century. His Broadway credits include Porgy and Bess, Oklahoma!, Carousel, and Lost in the Stars. In 1929, Mamoulian directed his first feature film, Applause, which was one of the earliest talkies. The movie is considered a landmark work because of Mamoulian’s innovative use of camera movement and sound. These qualities were carried through to his other films released in the 1930s, including Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Queen Christina. Mamoulian’s later masterworks include The Mark of Zorro and Blood and Sand. Mamoulian was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America in 1982. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.